DC-9-31
The McDonnell Douglas DC-9-31 was a refined version of the DC-9-30 series, introduced in 1967 with enhanced engines and performance. It was powered by two Pratt & Whitney JT8D-9 or JT8D-11 turbofan engines, each producing 14,500 lbf (64 kN) of thrust, delivering improved climb and fuel efficiency. The DC-9-31 typically seated 115 passengers in a two-class layout and had a maximum takeoff weight of 49,900 kg (110,000 lbs). With a cruising speed of 880 km/h (475 knots) and a range of about 2,800 km (1,500 nautical miles), it was ideal for short- to medium-haul routes. Known for its reliability and low operating costs, the DC-9-31 became one of the most widely used and successful variants in the DC-9 family.
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